There were 161,404 licensed snowmobiles in Québec in 2005. For the many enthusiasts who visit from all over North America and Europe, the 33,500 kilometres of trails in Québec make it the ideal snowmobiling destination.

Unfortunately, this picture is marred by an excessive number of accidents that result in serious or fatal injuries. For example, 21 snowmobilers died as a result of accidents during the 2005-2006 season.

For close to 10 years now, the reports issued by the Office of the Chief Coroner have clearly indicated that speeding, alcohol abuse, and carelessness are the main causes of fatal snowmobile accidents, both on public roads and on off-road trails.

In 1996, after consulting with various parties who have an interest in this activity, the Ministère des Transports (MTQ) asked the National Assembly to adopt the Act respecting off-highway vehicles. This legislation brought in rules governing the use of all OHVs, including snowmobiles, in order to counter the increasing number of serious accidents and deaths.

In 2006, the Act was amended to tighten rules and improve coexistence between snowmobile trail users and neighbouring residents.

Safety Helmet
Wearing a safety helmet is compulsory, regardless of where you operate a snowmobile.

Minimum Age and Training
The minimum age for operating a snowmobile is 16. In addition, a certificate of competence is compulsory for riders aged 16 and 17. This certificate is issued by the Fédération des clubs de motoneigistes du Québec after the completion of a training course.

Speed Limit
Unless otherwise indicated, the speed limit for snowmobiles is 70 km/h. The speed limit is reduced to 30 km/h within 30 m of a dwelling.

Mandatory Equipment
Snowmobiles must have the mandatory safety equipment, and removing or modifying it is prohibited. It is also illegal to modify the muffler of a snowmobile or any of its components.

Riding on Public Roads and Driver's Licence
Every year, approximately one quarter of fatal snowmobile accidents occur on public roads.

• Except as provided in the Act respecting off-highway vehicles, it is illegal to operate a snowmobile on public roads.
• Snowmobiles can only cross or drive on public roads at authorized locations that are identified by the appropriate traffic signs.
• Only the manager of the road network (the MTQ or the municipality) can authorize the use of a public road.
• A snowmobile operator must hold a valid driver’s licence in order to use a public road under the conditions set out in the Act.

Riding Near Inhabited Areas
In general, it is illegal to ride within 30 metres of a dwelling, a health establishment, or an area that is reserved for cultural, educational, or sports activities. However, the Act provides for certain exceptions. Snowmobiles must slow down when approaching one of these locations, and be careful not to make too much noise, especially at night!

Insurance
Every owner of a snowmobile must hold a minimum of $500,000 of third-party liability insurance. Pursuant to the Automobile Insurance Act, the Société de l’assurance automobile du Québec (SAAQ) does not compensate snowmobilers for accidents unless a moving automobile is involved. It is recommended that snowmobile owners take out a personal insurance policy that provides coverage for bodily injury and property damage.